Busa hannu yana amfani da bututun ƙarfe mara ƙarfi (ko bututun bakin karfe), ana amfani da ƙarshen ɗaya don tsoma gilashin ruwa, ɗayan ƙarshen kuma ana amfani da iskar wucin gadi.Tsawon bututu yana kusan 1.5 ~ 1.7m, buɗewar tsakiya shine 0.5 ~ 1.5cm, kuma ana iya zaɓar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bututun bututu bisa ga girman samfurin.
Busa da hannu ya dogara ne akan ƙwararrun fasaha da ƙwarewar aiki.Hanyar aiki tana da sauƙi, amma ba sauƙi ba ne don basirar busa samfuran da suka dace da buƙatun, musamman kayan ado na fasaha masu rikitarwa.
Yawancin kayan gilashin da aka busa da hannu ana haɗa su a cikin crucible (akwai kuma a cikin ƙaramin kiln tafki), canjin zafin gyare-gyaren ya fi rikitarwa.A farkon gyare-gyaren zafin jiki ya fi girma, danko na narkakkar gilashin ya kasance karami, tsawon lokacin aiki na iya zama dan kadan, gilashin a cikin kwano na baƙin ƙarfe na iya zama ɗan tsayi, kumfa kuma zai iya zama dan sanyi ta hanyar, tare da crucible a cikin gilashin abu sannu a hankali rage kuma lokacin sanyaya ya tsawaita, aikin rhythm na nau'in busa dole ne a hankali a hankali a hankali.Ayyukan busa yawanci yana buƙatar haɗin gwiwar mutane da yawa.
Kodayake fasahar busa na iya ƙunsar ɗabi'a mai ƙarfi, ta dogara sosai kan kwatsam kuma iyakokinta a bayyane suke.Sakamakon haka, ƙarin masu fasaha suna mai da hankalinsu ga haɗa dabarun tsaye tare da wasu fasahohin.
Tsarin samar da gilashi ya haɗa da: batching, narkewa, forming, annealing da sauran matakai.An gabatar da su kamar haka:
1: Sinadaran
Dangane da zane na jerin kayan, nau'ikan albarkatun kasa daban-daban bayan yin la'akari a cikin mahaɗin da aka haɗe daidai.
2. Narkewa
Kayan albarkatun da aka shirya suna mai zafi a babban zafin jiki don samar da ruwan gilashin da ba shi da kumfa iri ɗaya.Wannan tsari ne mai rikitarwa na jiki da na sinadarai.Ana yin narkewar gilashin a cikin kwandon narke.Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan narkewa guda biyu: ɗaya shine murhun wuta, kayan gilashin ana riƙe su a cikin ƙugiya, ƙwanƙwasa a waje da zafi.Kananan dakunan dakunan da ake ɗorawa suna da ƙugiya ɗaya kawai, manyan za su iya samun kusan 20.Crucible kiln shine samar da gibi, yanzu kawai gilashin gani da gilashin launi ta amfani da ƙirar kiln.Sauran shine kiln kandami, kayan gilashin an haɗa su a cikin kiln, bude wuta yana zafi a saman ruwan gilashin.Mafi yawan zafin jiki na gilashin narke a 1300 ~ 1600 ゜ c.Yawanci ana dumama su da wuta, amma kaɗan na ƙara zafi da wutar lantarki, wanda ake kira Electric melting kiln.Yanzu, ana ci gaba da samar da kiln kandami, ƙaramin zai iya zama mita da yawa, babba zai iya wuce mita 400.
3: siffa
Gilashin da aka narkar da shi yana canzawa zuwa samfur mai ƙarfi tare da ƙayyadaddun siffar.Dole ne a samar da shi a cikin takamaiman kewayon zafin jiki, tsarin sanyaya wanda gilashin zai fara canzawa daga wani ruwa mai ɗorewa zuwa yanayin filastik sannan zuwa gaɓataccen yanayi.
Ana iya raba hanyoyin yin ƙira zuwa nau'i biyu: ƙirar wucin gadi da ƙirar injiniya.
(1) Busa, tare da bututun alloy nichrome, ɗauki ƙwallon gilashi a cikin ƙirar yayin busawa.An fi amfani dashi don samar da kumfa gilashi, kwalabe, bukukuwa (don gilashin).
(2) Zane, bayan busa cikin ƙaramin kumfa, wani ma'aikaci mai sandar farantin saman, mutane biyu yayin da suke yin busa yayin ja da aka fi amfani da su don yin bututun gilashi ko sanda.
(3) Ana dannawa, dauko kwallon gilashi, a yanka shi da almakashi, a sanya shi ya fada cikin mazubin mutuwa, sannan a danna shi da naushi.An fi amfani dashi don samar da kofuna, faranti, da sauransu.
(4) Samar da kyauta, bayan zabar kayan tare da pliers, almakashi, tweezers da sauran kayan aikin kai tsaye cikin sana'a.
Mataki na 4 Anneal
Gilashin yana fuskantar matsanancin zafin jiki da canje-canjen siffar yayin ƙirƙirar, wanda ke barin damuwa na thermal a cikin gilashin.Wannan damuwa na thermal zai rage ƙarfi da kwanciyar hankali na samfuran gilashi.Idan an sanyaya kai tsaye, yana yiwuwa ya karya kanta (wanda aka fi sani da fashewar gilashin sanyi) yayin aikin sanyaya ko kuma daga baya yayin ajiya, sufuri da amfani.Don tsabtace fashewar sanyi, samfuran gilashi dole ne a goge su bayan an kafa su.Annealing shine a riƙe ko a hankali a hankali a kan wani kewayon zafin jiki na wani ɗan lokaci don tsaftace ko rage zafin zafi a cikin gilashin zuwa ƙimar da aka yarda.
Saboda busa hannun hannu baya karɓar ƙuntatawa na inji da ƙira, nau'i da yancin launi suna da girma sosai, don haka ƙãre samfurin sau da yawa yana da ƙimar ƙimar fasaha mai girma.A lokaci guda, busa gilashin wucin gadi yana buƙatar fiye da mutum ɗaya don kammalawa, don haka farashin aiki yana da yawa.
Mun kuma yi bidiyo game da gilashin da aka hura da hannu, kuma idan kuna sha'awar, kuna iya duba hanyar haɗin yanar gizon facebook da ke ƙasa.
https://fb.watch/iRrxE0ajsP/
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-22-2023
