Yadda ake yin gilashin, kuma menene tsarin masana'antu da tsarin gilashin editan Cn yana gabatar da hanyoyin da ke gaba.
1. Batching: bisa ga lissafin kayan da aka ƙera, auna nau'in albarkatun ƙasa daban-daban kuma ku haɗa su daidai a cikin mahaɗin.Babban albarkatun gilashin sune: yashi ma'adini, farar ƙasa, feldspar, soda ash, boric acid, da dai sauransu.
2. Narkewa, kayan albarkatun da aka shirya suna mai tsanani a babban zafin jiki don samar da gilashin gilashin ruwa maras kyau.Wannan tsari ne mai rikitarwa na jiki da na sinadarai.Ana yin narkewar gilashin a cikin tanderun wuta.Furnace nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau`ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau`ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'in nau`in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in) ne kawai sanya kiln, wanda a cikin sa ake sanya frit a cikin injin daskarewa da dumama a waje da injin daskarewa.Za a iya sanya kullu guda ɗaya kawai a cikin ɗan ƙaramin tukunyar, kuma har zuwa 20 za a iya sanya shi a cikin babban kaskon.Crucible kiln shine samar da tazara, kuma yanzu gilashin gani da gilashin launi ne kawai ake samar da su a cikin kiln da ba za a iya gani ba.Ɗayan kuma ita ce murhun tanki, wanda ake narkar da frit ɗin a cikin tanderun tanderun kuma a buɗaɗɗen wuta a ɓangaren sama na matakin ruwan gilashin.Matsakaicin narkewar gilashin yawanci 1300 ~ 1600 ゜ C. Yawancin su ana dumama su da harshen wuta, wasu kuma ana dumama su da wutar lantarki, wanda ake kira Electric melting oven.Yanzu, ana samar da kiln tanki akai-akai.Ƙananan tankuna na iya zama mita da yawa, kuma manyan za su iya girma fiye da mita 400.
3. Samarwa shine canjin narkakkar gilashin zuwa samfurori masu ƙarfi tare da ƙayyadaddun siffofi.Ƙirƙirar ƙira za a iya aiwatar da ita kawai a cikin takamaiman kewayon zafin jiki, wanda shine tsarin sanyaya.Gilashin na farko yana canzawa daga ruwa mai ɗorewa zuwa yanayin filastik, sa'an nan kuma ya zama wani yanayi mara ƙarfi.Ana iya raba hanyoyin ƙirƙira zuwa ƙirƙira ta hannu da ƙirar injina.
A. Ƙirƙira na wucin gadi.Akwai kuma (1) busa, ta yin amfani da bututun nickel chromium gami da busa bututu, ɗaukar ƙwallon gilashi da busa yayin jujjuyawar.An fi amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar kumfa gilashi, kwalabe, ƙwallo (don gilashin ido), da sauransu. (2) Zane: bayan busa cikin kumfa, wani ma'aikaci yana manne shi da farantin saman.Mutanen biyu suna busa yayin ja, wanda galibi ana amfani da su don yin bututun gilashi ko kuma sanduna.(3)A danna, dauko gilashin, a yanka shi da almakashi domin ya fada cikin mazugi, sannan a danna shi da naushi.Ana amfani da shi musamman don ƙirƙirar kofuna, faranti, da sauransu. (4) Ƙirƙirar kyauta, ɗaukar kayan aiki da yin aikin hannu kai tsaye tare da filaye, almakashi, tweezers da sauran kayan aikin.
B. Injiniya kafa.Saboda tsananin ƙarfin aiki, yawan zafin jiki da ƙarancin yanayi na ƙirar wucin gadi, yawancinsu an maye gurbinsu da ƙirar injina sai dai kyauta.Bugu da ƙari, latsawa, busa da zane, ƙirar injiniya kuma tana da (1) hanyar kalandar, wanda ake amfani da shi don samar da gilashin lebur mai kauri, gilashin da aka zana, gilashin waya, da sauransu. (2) Hanyar simintin samar da gilashin gani.
C. (3) Ana amfani da hanyar simintin simintin centrifugal don kera manyan bututun gilashin diamita, kayan aiki da manyan tukwane masu iya aiki.Wannan shine don allurar narkar da gilashin a cikin injin juyawa mai sauri.Saboda ƙarfin centrifugal, gilashin yana manne da bangon ƙirar, kuma juyawa yana ci gaba har sai gilashin ya taurare.(4) Ana amfani da hanyar sintiri don samar da gilashin kumfa.Za a ƙara wakili mai kumfa a cikin gilashin foda da kuma zafi shi a cikin wani nau'i na karfe da aka rufe.Yawancin rufaffiyar kumfa an kafa su a cikin tsarin dumama gilashin, wanda shine kyakkyawan yanayin zafi mai zafi da kayan haɓaka sauti.Bugu da ƙari, ƙirƙirar gilashin lebur ya haɗa da hanyar zane a tsaye, hanyar zane mai lebur da hanyar iyo.Hanyar yin iyo hanya ce da ke ba da damar gilashin ruwa don yin iyo a saman narkakkar karfe (TIN) don samar da gilashin lebur.Babban fa'idodinsa shine babban ingancin gilashin (lebur da haske), saurin zane mai sauri da babban fitarwa.
4. Bayan annealing, gilashin yana fuskantar matsanancin zafin jiki da canje-canjen yanayi yayin kafawa, wanda ya bar damuwa na thermal a cikin gilashin.Wannan damuwa na thermal zai rage ƙarfi da kwanciyar hankali na samfuran gilashi.Idan an sanyaya ta kai tsaye, mai yiwuwa ta fashe da kanta yayin sanyaya ko kuma daga baya ajiya, sufuri da amfani (wanda aka fi sani da fashewar sanyi na gilashi).Don kawar da fashewar sanyi, dole ne a shafe samfuran gilashin bayan an kafa su.Annealing shine kiyaye zafi a cikin wani kewayon zafin jiki ko rage jinkiri na ɗan lokaci don kawar da ko rage zafin zafi a cikin gilashin zuwa ƙimar da aka yarda.
Bugu da ƙari, ana iya taurare wasu samfuran gilashin don ƙara ƙarfin su.Ciki har da: taurin jiki (quenching), ana amfani dashi don gilashin kauri, gilashin tebur, gilashin mota, da sauransu;Kuma sinadaran stiffening (ion musayar), amfani da agogon murfin gilashin, jirgin sama gilashin, da dai sauransu. Ka'idar stiffeing ne don samar da matsa lamba a saman Layer na gilashin don ƙara ƙarfinsa.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-12-2022
