Indlela yokwenza iglasi, kwaye zeziphi iinkqubo zokuvelisa kunye neenkqubo zeglasi Umhleli we-Cn wazisa ezi ndlela zilandelayo.
1. Ukudibanisa: ngokoluhlu oluyilelweyo, linganisa izinto ezahlukeneyo eziluhlaza kwaye uzixube ngokulinganayo kumxube.Izixhobo eziphambili zeglasi zezi: isanti yequartz, i-limestone, i-feldspar, i-soda ash, i-boric acid, njl.
2. Ukunyibilika, izinto ezilungiselelwe ekrwada zifudunyezwa kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu ukwenza i-bubble efanayo iglasi engamanzi engamanzi.Le yinkqubo yokusabela komzimba kunye nemichiza enzima kakhulu.Ukunyibilika kweglasi kuqhutyelwa eziko.Kukho ubukhulu becala iintlobo ezimbini zeeFurnaces: enye i-kiln crucible, apho i-frit ifakwe kwi-crucible kwaye ishushu ngaphandle kwe-crucible.I-crucible enye kuphela inokufakwa kwi-kiln encinci ye-crucible, kwaye ukuya kwi-20 i-crucibles inokufakwa kwi-oven enkulu ye-crucible.I-Crucible kiln yimveliso ye-gap, kwaye ngoku kuphela iglasi ye-optical kunye neglasi yombala iveliswa kwi-crucible kiln.Enye i-tank kiln, apho i-frit inyibilika kwi-pool yesithando somlilo kwaye ifudunyezwe ngumlilo ovulekileyo kwindawo ephezulu yomgangatho wolwelo lweglasi.Iqondo lokushisa elinyibilikayo leglasi liyi-1300 ~ 1600 ゜ C. Uninzi lwazo lufudunyezwa ngumlilo, kwaye ezimbalwa zifudumeza ngombane wombane, obizwa ngokuba yi-furnace yokunyibilika kombane.Ngoku, ii-tank kilns ziveliswa ngokuqhubekayo.Izitofu zetanki ezincinci zinokuba ziimitha ezininzi, kwaye ezinkulu zinokuba nkulu kangangeemitha ezingama-400.
3. Ukwenziwa kukuguqulwa kweglasi etyhidiweyo ibe yimveliso eqinileyo enemilo engatshintshiyo.Ukuqulunqa kunokwenziwa kuphela ngaphakathi kwinqanaba elithile lobushushu, okuyinkqubo yokupholisa.Iglasi iqala ukutshintsha ukusuka kulwelo olubonakalayo ukuya kwimo yeplastiki, emva koko ibe yimeko eqinileyo eqinileyo.Iindlela zokuyila zinokwahlulwa zibe yimanual kunye nokwenziwa ngoomatshini.
A. Ukwenziwa kokwenziwa.Kukwakho (1) ukuvuthela, kusetyenziswa umbhobho wokuvuthela we-nickel chromium alloy, ukuchola ibhola yeglasi nokuvuthela ngelixa ujikela kubumba.Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukwenza amaqamza eglasi, iibhotile, iibhola (kwiglasi yamehlo), njalo njalo (2) Umzobo: emva kokuvuthela amaqamza, omnye umsebenzi uncamathisela ngepleyiti ephezulu.Aba bantu babini bavuthela ngelixa betsala, nto leyo esetyenziswa ikakhulu ukwenza iityhubhu zeglasi okanye iintonga.3Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukwenza iikomityi, iipleyiti, njl.njl. (4) Ukubunjwa kwamahhala, ukukha izinto kunye nokwenza ngokuthe ngqo ubugcisa bezandla kunye neepliers, izikere, i-tweezers kunye nezinye izixhobo.
B. Ukubunjwa koomatshini.Ngenxa yobukhulu bomsebenzi, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye neemeko ezimbi zokubunjwa kokwenziwa, uninzi lwazo luthatyathelw’ indawo ngokwenziwa koomatshini ngaphandle kokwenziwa kwasimahla.Ukongeza kokucofa, ukuvuthela kunye nokuzoba, ukwenza oomatshini kukwanayo (1) indlela yokubeka ikhalenda, esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iglasi eshinyeneyo emcaba, iglasi ekroliweyo, iglasi yocingo, njl.njl. (2) Indlela yokuphosa ukuvelisa iglasi yokukhanya.
C. (3) Centrifugal casting indlela isetyenziselwa ukwenza iityhubhu zeglasi ezinkulu ezinobubanzi, izitya kunye neembiza ezinkulu zokusabela.Oku kukutofa iglasi enyibilikayo kwisingundo esijikelezayo esinesantya esiphezulu.Ngenxa yamandla e-centrifugal, iglasi ibambelela eludongeni lokubumba, kwaye ukujikeleza kuyaqhubeka kude kube nzima iglasi.(4) Indlela ye-Sintering isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iglasi yogwebu.Kukongeza i-agent ekhupha ugwebu kumgubo weglasi kwaye uyifudumeze kwisibuko sesinyithi esigqunyiweyo.Amaqamu amaninzi avaliweyo akhiwe kwinkqubo yokufudumala kweglasi, okuyiyona nto ilungileyo yokufudumala ukushisa kunye nezixhobo zokukhupha isandi.Ukongeza, ukubunjwa kweglasi ecaba kubandakanya indlela yokuzoba ethe nkqo, indlela yokuzoba umcaba kunye nendlela yokudada.Indlela yokudada yindlela evumela iglasi elulwelo ukuba idada phezu kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo (TIN) yenze iglasi ecaba.Iinzuzo zayo eziphambili zikumgangatho ophezulu weglasi (i-flat kunye nekhanyayo), isantya sokudweba ngokukhawuleza kunye nemveliso enkulu.
4. Emva kwe-annealing, iglasi ithatha utshintsho olunzulu lobushushu kunye notshintsho lwemilo ngexesha lokubumba, olushiya uxinzelelo lwe-thermal kwiglasi.Olu xinzelelo lwe-thermal luya kunciphisa amandla kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal yeemveliso zeglasi.Ukuba ipholiswe ngokuthe ngqo, kunokwenzeka ukuba igqabhuke ngokwayo ngexesha lokupholisa okanye ukugcinwa kamva, ukuthuthwa kunye nokusetyenziswa (okwaziwa kakhulu njengokugqabhuka okubandayo kweglasi).Ukuze kupheliswe ukuqhuma okubandayo, iimveliso zeglasi kufuneka zihlanjululwe emva kokwenza.I-Anealing kukugcina ukushisa kwinqanaba elithile lobushushu okanye ukucotha ixesha elithile ukuphelisa okanye ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-thermal kwiglasi kwixabiso elivumelekileyo.
Ukongeza, ezinye iimveliso zeglasi zinokuqiniswa ukuze zandise amandla azo.Kubandakanywa: ukuqina ngokomzimba (ukucima), okusetyenziselwa iiglasi ezityebileyo, iiglasi zetafile, izikrini zomoya zemoto, njl.Kwaye ukuqina kweekhemikhali (utshintshiselwano lwe-ion), esetyenziselwa iglasi yokugubungela iwotshi, iglasi ye-aviation, njl.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-12-2022
